Тенденції і перспективи розвитку православної богословської освіти в Україні

Abstract

Сучасна система богословської освіти Православної Церкви знаходиться в стадії визначення основних тенденцій розвитку, що викликає низку проблем, які пов’язані, по-перше – з питанням адаптації Православної Церкви до мінливих умов глобалізованого суспільства, посилення впливу ідей секулярного лібералізму і постмодерністських світоглядних установок щодо місця релігії в сучасному суспільстві, і, по-друге – з питаннями входження духовних ВНЗ в національний освітній простір. Тому в статті визначено напрями модернізації і реформування системи православної богословської освіти в умовах глобалізованого суспільства. Виділено три основні напрями розвитку православної богословської освіти в України, які сприяють її модернізації: 1) входження в національний освітній простір; 2) підвищення ефективності освітньо-виховного процесу в духовних ВНЗ; 3) впровадження компетентнісного підходу в систему православної богословської освіти.

The modern system of the Orthodox Church′s theological education is in the process of determining the main development trends, which are caused by a number of problems, connected, first of all – with the issue of Orthodox Church′s adaptation to the globalized society changing conditions, the secular liberalism ideas′ growing influence and postmodern worldviews regarding the place of religion in modern society, and secondly – to the issues of entering religious high schools in the national education space. Therefore, the article defines the direction of modernization and the Orthodox theological education′s reforming in the conditions of the globalized society. Three main directions of Orthodox theological education development in Ukraine, which contribute its modernization are allocated: 1) entry into the national educational space; 2) to increase the upbringing and education processes efficiency in religious universities; 3) the competence-based approach implementation in the Orthodox theological education. A deep socio-cultural transformation of post-industrial era induce to essentially new forms of social activity organization connected with its reorientation to implementation of humanistic values and solving global problems of modern civilization. The systemic mechanisms of post-industrial social order foundation are a focus of the philosophical analysis of the trends of modern society development well as the determinants of global change. Education′s innovative development within the postmodern sociocultural processes is an integral factor in the postindustrial society formation as an “education society”. Thus, today is forming a global educational space, which requires national educational system to perform a complex challenge – to adapt to the demands of global trends in higher education and to try to preserve national, traditional educational systems. Not exception is also the system of Orthodox theological education. The recent researches and publications analysis. Theoretical and practical aspects of Orthodox theological education are provided in such thematic areas today: the historical aspect of Orthodox education (O.Tokareva, Pascenco, M.Talalay, D.Pospelovsky, G. Stepanenko, Lipinski, S.Meshkovaya, Denisenko, M.Razina etc.); Orthodox theological education′s problems (Metropolitan Hilarion (G.Alfeev), Archbishop Anthony (I.Pakanich) P.Balog, Archimandrite Victor (Bed), V.Lipinsky, L.Roschina, Yu.Kalnish, A.Kisly, O.Panasenko), Orthodox education: current state and development prospects (A.Kisly, A.Panasenko, M.Razina, M.Lagodich, A. Kolodny, O.Rogova, M.Zakovich, I.Metlik, L.Roschina regulations, reports Synodal departments ROC, UOC MP and UOC KP, the Ukrainan Ministries of Culture). Despite a variety of theological education′s researches both among church, and among secular scientists, there aren’t enough works aimed at the Orthodox theological education system′s modernization and reforming directions determination in the conditions of the globalized society today. The research objective – to define the main Orthodox theological education development directions on the theoretical analysis basis in Ukraine. In modern conditions of the Orthodox Church in Ukraine it is possible to ellocate themain directions, which contribute to its upgrade: – occurrence into the national educational space (the Bologna process principles′ introducing into the higher religious education system, – the recognition of spiritual universities diplomas and academic degrees′ by the State; the theological education′s implementation in secular educational institutions); – competence-based approach implementation in the orthodox theological education system (definition of key competencies educational system: competence in theological knowledge of the moral and ethical competence; social/civil competence (public and civic stand)). A specific place in this direction is held by incorporation of the social doctrine of Orthodox Church in system of theological education, adapted for conditions of the globalized world of the post-present. A special place in this area takes the Orthodox Church′s social doctrine′s incorporation into theological education system, adapted to the globalized world conditions of postmodernity.